科研动态Research News | 地科院沉积过程与环境变化创新团队在水文水资源学领域取得重要进展

华南师范大学地理科学学院沉积过程与环境变化创新团队涵盖沉积年代学、湖沼沉积、风沙沉积、岩溶沉积、边缘海沉积、水文过程和全球变化等七个研究方向。近期，该创新团队汪丽娜副教授在Hydrological Processes期刊（JCR 2区，IF2023=2.8）上发表了题为“Spatial Patterns of Short-term Extreme Precipitation and Their Causes”的极端降水空间模式及成因学术成果，论文第一作者为2021级自然地理专业硕士研究生左大幸，通讯作者为汪丽娜副教授（主要研究方向是水文水资源、城市化下水资源特征、气象与水文的链接性等方面的研究工作）。

摘要：

极端降水的空间分布对洪水的形成产生重大影响。以往关于暴雨的研究主要强调时间分布特征，而很少关注降水空间模式。本文对广东省 3 小时尺度的极端降水空间模式（EPSP）进行了分类研究，计算了影响因素对EPSP的重要性，分析各种EPSP对应的天气背景后解释了极端降水的成因。研究结果显示，在1979至2018年这 40 年间，大多数 EPSP 的发生率显著增加，尤其是进入 21 世纪以来，这种增加更为明显。其中，太平洋十年涛动（PDO）的减弱导致了粤西地区极端降水事件的增加，城市化是导致广东南部和沿海地区极端降水增加的主要因素，广东中部的EPSP是由西南急流和地形抬升引起的，广东南部和沿海地区的极端降水主要是由西南风的辐合切变触发的，广东西部的EPSP是由广东西部的低涡和来自南部海洋的大量水汽流入引起的。该研究为局地强降水的形成过程和机理研究提供了新思路，也为沿海地区径流模拟提供了重要参考。

《Hydrological Processes》是一本由WILEY出版商出版的专业地球科学期刊，该刊创刊于1986年，是半月刊，该刊已被国际权威数据库SCI、SCIE收录。2024年在JCR（Journal Citation Reports）分区等级为Q2。该刊发文范围涵盖水资源等领域，旨在及时、准确、全面地报道国内外水资源工作者在该领域取得的最新研究成果、工作进展及学术动态、技术革新等，促进学术交流，鼓励学术创新。2023年影响因子为2.8，五年影响因子为3.3。

原文链接：https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.15227

Abstract:

The spatial distribution of extreme precipitation significantly affects flow-producing processes and flooding. Previous studies on heavy rainfall have mainly emphasized the temporal distribution characteristics, with little emphasis on rainfall spatial patterns. We objectively classified 3-hour scale extreme precipitation spatial patterns (EPSPs) in Guangdong Province, China. We calculated the importance of the influencing factors on EPSPs, analyzed weather backgrounds corresponding to various EPSPs, and explained the causes of extreme precipitation. We found that the incidence of most EPSPs increased significantly over this 40-year period, and this increase has been particularly pronounced since the beginning of the 21st century. The Pacific Decade Oscillation (PDO) was found to be the main factor influencing the Extreme precipitation events (EPEs) in western Guangdong, and the weakening of the PDO contributed to the occurrence of EPEs in these areas. Urbanization was the main factor contributing to the increase in EPEs in the southern and coastal areas of Guangdong. The EPSPs in central Guangdong were caused by a southwest jet stream and topographic uplift. Extreme precipitation in southern and coastal Guangdong was mainly triggered by the convergent shear of southwesterly winds. The EPSPs over western Guangdong were caused by the low vortex in western Guangdong and the influx of large amounts of water vapor from the southern ocean. This study has provided new ideas for the study of the formation process and mechanism of localized heavy precipitation as well as an important reference for the simulation of runoff in coastal areas.

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初审 | 袁亚娟

复审 | 鲍锟山

终审 | 刘云刚